Optical lenses are objects whose purpose is to converge or diverge light rays.
They are used everywhere in our lives such as camera/ telescope/ microscope lenses, corrective/ magnifying glasses, etc.
Water is cohesive. It naturally bonds together in the shape of a sphere, and in that shape it functions as a miniature lens that will refract nearby objects.
In my photo, the droplet of water hanging from the stem acts as a converging lens, due to its spherical shape and the higher refractive index of water than air. Since the distance from the real flower is greater than twice the focal length, when the rays pass through the surfaces of the droplet, they will converge on the side opposite the flower to form an inverted, smaller, real image, located between the droplet and the camera.
The shape of the droplet is not perfectly spherical due to gravity. It is more like a convex lens. The incident light first reflected from the actual flower into the droplet and changed direction and focused on the focal point to form the image. The position of the actual flower and the droplets must be parallel to each other to obtain a clear and complete real image. Therefore, the position of the flower reflected in each droplet is differently reflected along the convex side of the droplets in relation to my position taking the picture.
As sunlight enters from the front, luckly, the light splitting phenomena on the surface of the droplets are also captured.